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vllm.model_executor.models.transformers.base

Transformers modeling backend base class.

Classes:

Base

Bases: Module, VllmModel, SupportsQuant, SupportsLoRA, SupportsPP, SupportsEagle, SupportsEagle3

Methods:

Attributes:

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
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class Base(
    nn.Module,
    VllmModel,
    SupportsQuant,
    SupportsLoRA,
    SupportsPP,
    SupportsEagle,
    SupportsEagle3,
):
    embedding_modules = ["embed_tokens"]  # TODO transformers will have a util to get it

    def __init__(self, *, vllm_config: "VllmConfig", prefix: str = ""):
        super().__init__()
        logger.info("Using Transformers modeling backend.")

        self.vllm_config = vllm_config
        self.config = vllm_config.model_config.hf_config
        self.text_config = self.config.get_text_config()
        self.cache_config = vllm_config.cache_config
        self.compilation_config = vllm_config.compilation_config
        self.device_config = vllm_config.device_config
        self.model_config = vllm_config.model_config
        self.parallel_config = vllm_config.parallel_config
        self.quant_config = vllm_config.quant_config

        self.pp_group = get_pp_group()
        self.tp_group = get_tp_group()

        # Attrs for weight loading (see self.load_weights)
        self.ignore_unexpected_prefixes: list[str] = []
        """Ignore unexpected weights whose qualname starts with these prefixes."""
        self.ignore_unexpected_suffixes: list[str] = []
        """Ignore unexpected weights whose qualname ends with these suffixes."""
        self.packed_modules_mapping: dict[str, list[str]] = {}
        """Fused module -> constituent projections, populated by `recursive_replace`
        for the quantization machinery and loaders (e.g. bitsandbytes)."""
        self.fusers: dict[str, BaseFuser] = {}
        """Module qualname -> the fuser applied to it, populated
        by `recursive_replace` for `create_attention_instances`."""

        # Attrs for Eagle3 (see self.set_aux_hidden_state_layers)
        self._target_class: type[nn.Module] = nn.Module
        """Target class for Eagle3 aux hidden state recording."""
        self._layer_names: dict[int, str] = {}
        """Mapping from layer index to layer name for Eagle3."""
        self._output_aux_hidden_states_kwargs: dict[str, bool] = {}
        """Kwargs to pass to model forward for Eagle3 aux hidden states."""

        if self.quant_config:
            quant_method_name = self.quant_config.get_name()
            # Check for unsupported quantization methods.
            if quant_method_name in ("mxfp4", "gpt_oss_mxfp4"):
                raise NotImplementedError(
                    "Transformers modeling backend does "
                    "not support MXFP4 quantization yet."
                )

        self._patch_config()
        self._decorate_for_torch_compile()
        # Init on "meta" to delay allocating GPU tensors
        with (
            self._mark_model_components(vllm_config),
            init_on_device_without_buffers("meta"),
        ):
            from_config_kwargs = self._from_config_kwargs
            self.model: PreTrainedModel = AutoModel.from_config(**from_config_kwargs)

        # Create weight name to module qualname mapper
        self._create_hf_to_vllm_mapper()
        # Remove layers not on this pipeline parallel rank
        self.pipeline_parallel()
        # Substitute remaining layers with vLLM's layers as needed
        self.recursive_replace()
        # Create attention instances for KV cache allocation
        self.attention_instances = self.create_attention_instances()

        # Input embeddings
        input_embeddings = self.model.get_input_embeddings()
        if not isinstance(input_embeddings, PPMissingLayer):
            self.model.set_input_embeddings(
                replace_embedding_class(input_embeddings, self.quant_config)
            )

        # Initialize any parameters that have not had their modules replaced
        self.init_parameters(self.model)

        # Upcast weights Transformers always keeps in fp32
        self.keep_in_fp32(self.model)

        # Pipeline parallel intermediate tensors
        self.make_empty_intermediate_tensors = make_empty_intermediate_tensors_factory(
            ["hidden_states"], self.text_config.hidden_size
        )

    def _patch_config(self):
        """
        Patch the config to ensure that the model is created correctly:

        - Sets the attention implementation to "vllm" so the attention instances from
        `create_attention_instances` are used
        - Sets the dtype to the default torch dtype set by vLLM because Transformers
        uses the config dtype when creating the model
        """
        self.text_config._attn_implementation = "vllm"
        self.config.dtype = torch.get_default_dtype()

    @contextmanager
    def _mark_model_components(self, vllm_config: "VllmConfig"):
        """Mark language model and tower submodules as `self.model` is created.

        Nothing to do in `Base`, `MultiModalMixin` will override."""
        yield

    @cached_property
    def _from_config_kwargs(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """The kwargs used to create `self.model`."""
        return dict(
            config=self.config,
            dtype=self.model_config.dtype,
            trust_remote_code=self.model_config.trust_remote_code,
        )

    def _find_encoder_classes(
        self, model: "PreTrainedModel"
    ) -> dict[str, type["PreTrainedModel"]]:
        """Find the encoder class of each modality `model` has one for.

        Text models have none. Multi-modal ones override this.
        """
        return {}

    @cached_property
    def _pre_trained_model_classes(self) -> PreTrainedModelClasses:
        """The decoder class and the encoder class of each modality that has one.

        Both come from a single throwaway model, since building one is not cheap.
        """
        with torch.device("meta"):
            model: PreTrainedModel = AutoModel.from_config(**self._from_config_kwargs)
        model_classes = PreTrainedModelClasses(
            decoder=type(model.get_decoder()),
            encoders=self._find_encoder_classes(model),
        )
        del model

        logger.debug("Identified model classes as: %s", model_classes)
        return model_classes

    def _decorate_cls_for_torch_compile(
        self,
        cls: type["PreTrainedModel"],
        dynamic_arg_dims: dict[str, int] | None,
        enable_if: Callable[["VllmConfig"], bool],
        is_encoder: bool,
    ):
        """
        Decorate `cls` to indicate to vLLM that it supports torch compile.

        Args:
            cls: The PreTrainedModel class to decorate.
            dynamic_arg_dims: A mapping from argument name to the dynamic dimensions
                of the argument. If None, default dynamic arg dims will be used. See
                [`support_torch_compile`][vllm.compilation.decorators.support_torch_compile]
                for more details.
            enable_if: A function which takes in the vLLM config and returns whether
                torch compile should be enabled for this class.
            is_encoder: Whether the class being decorated is an encoder.
        """
        logger.debug(
            "Decorating `%s` as %s for torch compile with dynamic_arg_dims of %s",
            cls.__name__,
            "encoder" if is_encoder else "decoder",
            dynamic_arg_dims,
        )

        support_torch_compile(
            dynamic_arg_dims=dynamic_arg_dims,
            enable_if=enable_if,
            is_encoder=is_encoder,
        )(cls)

    def _decorate_for_torch_compile(self):
        """Decorate the model's decoder class to indicate to vLLM that it
        supports torch compile if `can_enable_torch_compile` is True."""
        self._decorate_cls_for_torch_compile(
            cls=self._pre_trained_model_classes.decoder,
            # Applied to a PreTrainedModel so the batch dimension will exist
            dynamic_arg_dims=dict[str, int](
                input_ids=1,  # shape: [1, seq_len]
                inputs_embeds=1,  # shape: [1, seq_len, hidden_size]
                position_ids=-1,  # shape: [1, seq_len] or [3, 1, seq_len] for mrope
            ),
            enable_if=can_enable_torch_compile,
            is_encoder=False,
        )

    def _create_hf_to_vllm_mapper(self):
        """
        Create a WeightsMapper to map checkpoint weight names to module qualnames.

        This handles:

        - Transformers weight renaming from `WeightRenaming`
        - Checkpoints saved with a base model prefix that is not `model`
        - Checkpoints saved with no base model prefix
        - Any quantization config specific mappings
        """
        self.hf_to_vllm_mapper = WeightsMapper()
        orig_to_new_renaming = self.hf_to_vllm_mapper.orig_to_new_renaming
        orig_to_new_regex = self.hf_to_vllm_mapper.orig_to_new_regex

        for mapping in get_model_conversion_mapping(self.model):
            # Handle weights which have been renamed in Transformers
            if isinstance(mapping, WeightRenaming):
                orig_to_new_renaming.append(mapping)
            # TODO: Handle WeightConverter to enable layer merging

        # Handle unexpected weights which should be ignored
        if self.model._keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected is not None:
            for key in self.model._keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected:
                orig_to_new_regex[re.compile(key)] = None

        # Standardise base model prefix
        bmp = self.model.base_model_prefix
        expected_bmp = r"model.\1"
        # Handle checkpoints saved with different base model prefix
        if bmp and bmp != "model":
            different_bmp_pattern = re.compile(rf"^{bmp}\.(.+)")
            orig_to_new_regex[different_bmp_pattern] = expected_bmp
        # Handle direct children of self.model which were saved without the model prefix
        direct_children = chain(
            self.model.named_children(),
            self.model.named_parameters(recurse=False),
            self.model.named_buffers(recurse=False),
        )
        model_children = "|".join(name for name, _ in direct_children)
        missing_bmp_pattern = re.compile(rf"^(?!model\.)(({model_children}).*)")
        orig_to_new_regex[missing_bmp_pattern] = expected_bmp
        # Handle weights saved as direct children of self.model which no longer are
        unexpected_bmp_pattern = re.compile(rf"^(model\.)((?!{model_children}).+)")
        orig_to_new_regex[unexpected_bmp_pattern] = r"\2"
        # Handle lm_head which was saved inside the base model
        nested_lm_head_pattern = re.compile(r"^model\.(.+\.)*(lm_head.+)")
        orig_to_new_regex[nested_lm_head_pattern] = r"\2"

        # Apply mapping to quantization config if needed
        self._maybe_apply_model_mapping()

    def _get_tie_word_embeddings(self):
        """
        Check if the model has tied word embeddings.
        """
        # Models created with Transformers v4 and v5 will store this in different places
        tie_word_embeddings_v4 = getattr(self.text_config, "tie_word_embeddings", False)
        tie_word_embeddings_v5 = getattr(self.config, "tie_word_embeddings", False)
        return tie_word_embeddings_v4 or tie_word_embeddings_v5

    def pipeline_parallel(self):
        """
        Apply the model's pipeline parallelization plan.
        """
        if self.pp_group.world_size <= 1:
            return

        if self.model.supports_pp_plan:
            module = self.model
            names = list(module._pp_plan.keys())
        else:
            module = self.model.get_decoder()
            has_parameters = lambda m: next(m.parameters(), None) is not None
            names = [n for n, c in module.named_children() if has_parameters(c)]
            tip = get_feature_request_tip(
                self.model_config.model, self.model_config.trust_remote_code
            )
            logger.warning_once(
                "%s does not define a pipeline parallel plan. The Transformers "
                "modeling backend will infer the split from the layers of %s in order "
                "of declaration and keep parameter-free modules on every rank. This "
                "may fail if the model's structure is non-standard. %s",
                type(self.model),
                type(module),
                tip,
            )

        module_lists = []
        module_list_idx = None
        for i, name in enumerate(names):
            # attrgetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.layers")
            if isinstance(attrgetter(name)(module), nn.ModuleList):
                module_lists.append(name)
                module_list_idx = i

        if len(module_lists) > 1:
            raise ValueError(
                "Pipeline parallel of models with multiple `ModuleList`s "
                "in the base model are not supported yet!"
            )
        if module_list_idx is None:
            raise ValueError(f"Could not find `ModuleList` in {type(module)}")

        # Layers before module list
        for name in names[:module_list_idx]:
            if self.pp_group.is_first_rank or (
                self._get_tie_word_embeddings() and self.pp_group.is_last_rank
            ):
                continue
            # attrsetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.embed_tokens")
            attrsetter(name)(module, PPMissingLayer())

        # Module list
        start_layer, end_layer = get_pp_indices(
            self.text_config.num_hidden_layers,
            self.pp_group.rank_in_group,
            self.pp_group.world_size,
        )
        layers_name = names[module_list_idx]
        # attrgetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.layers")
        layers = attrgetter(layers_name)(module)
        for i in range(len(layers)):
            if start_layer <= i and i < end_layer:
                continue
            layers[i] = PPMissingLayer()

        # Layers after module list
        for name in names[module_list_idx + 1 :]:
            # Modules that should be on last rank
            if not self.pp_group.is_last_rank:
                # attrsetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.norm")
                attrsetter(name)(module, PPMissingLayer())

    def recursive_replace(self):
        """Recursively replace modules in the model as needed.

        Currently, this replaces:

        - GLUs with a fused `MergedColumnParallelLinear` + `...AndMul`
        - Attention QKV projections with a fused `QKVParallelLinear` + split
        - `nn.Linear` with vLLM's tensor parallel linear classes
        - `nn.Conv2d` / `nn.Conv3d` with vLLM's `Conv2d` / `Conv3d`
        - RMSNorm (detected from their dataflow) with vLLM's `RMSNorm`or `GemmaRMSNorm`
        """
        tp_plan = self.model.tp_plan or {}

        if not tp_plan and self.tp_group.world_size > 1:
            tip = get_feature_request_tip(
                self.model_config.model, self.model_config.trust_remote_code
            )
            logger.warning_once(
                "%s does not define a tensor parallel plan. The Transformers modeling "
                "backend will shard the model the best it can during graph fusion and "
                "replicate the rest. This may be suboptimal or fail if the model does "
                "not fuse cleanly. %s",
                type(self.model),
                tip,
            )

        # Prefix the patterns because we always start from `self.model`
        tp_plan = {maybe_prefix("model", k): v for k, v in tp_plan.items()}
        # Detect fusable patterns once per module class (cached, so this is cheap)
        fusers = Fusers(self.model, self.vllm_config)

        def register_fusion(fuser: BaseFuser, prefix: str):
            """Register a fused layer's mappings just before it is built."""
            self.fusers[prefix] = fuser

            orig_to_new_stacked = fuser.orig_to_new_stacked(prefix)
            self.hf_to_vllm_mapper.orig_to_new_stacked.update(orig_to_new_stacked)

            packed_modules_mapping = fuser.packed_modules_mapping
            self.packed_modules_mapping.update(packed_modules_mapping)
            if self.quant_config is not None:
                self.quant_config.packed_modules_mapping.update(packed_modules_mapping)

        def _recursive_replace(module: nn.Module, prefix: str):
            for child_name, child_module in module.named_children():
                new_module = child_module
                qual_name = maybe_prefix(prefix, child_name)
                if (
                    isinstance(module, nn.ModuleList)
                    and len(module) == self.text_config.num_hidden_layers
                ):
                    # Populate Eagle3 attrs
                    self._target_class = type(child_module)
                    layer_name = qual_name.removeprefix("model.")
                    self._layer_names[int(child_name)] = layer_name
                    # MTP weights should not be loaded into the base model
                    num_hidden_layers = self.text_config.num_hidden_layers
                    names = (
                        "n_predict",  # Override from SpeculativeConfig
                        "num_nextn_predict_layers",  # Most models
                        "mtp_num_hidden_layers",  # Qwen 3.5
                    )
                    n_predict = getattr_iter(self.text_config, names, 0)
                    for i in range(num_hidden_layers, num_hidden_layers + n_predict):
                        mtp_prefix = f"{prefix}.{i}."
                        if mtp_prefix not in self.ignore_unexpected_prefixes:
                            self.ignore_unexpected_prefixes.append(mtp_prefix)
                # Replace modules as needed
                if isinstance(child_module, nn.Linear):
                    generator = (p for p in tp_plan if re.match(p, qual_name))
                    pattern = next(generator, None)
                    # Some weight loaders expect all linear layers to inherit
                    # LinearBase, so we set a default style which causes any
                    # unspecified layers to be replaced with ReplicatedLinear
                    style = tp_plan.get(pattern, "replicate")
                    new_module = replace_linear_class(
                        child_module, style, self.quant_config, prefix=qual_name
                    )
                elif isinstance(child_module, (nn.Conv2d, nn.Conv3d)):
                    new_module = replace_conv_class(child_module)
                elif (fuser := fusers[child_module]) is not None:
                    register_fusion(fuser, qual_name)
                    new_module = fuser.fuse(child_module, qual_name, self.vllm_config)
                    logger.info_once(fuser.info(child_name))
                    _recursive_replace(new_module, prefix=qual_name)
                elif not isinstance(child_module, MoERunner):
                    # MoERunner can contain aliases of shared experts and gates,
                    # so we don't want to recurse into it and break weight loading.
                    _recursive_replace(child_module, prefix=qual_name)

                if new_module is not child_module:
                    setattr(module, child_name, new_module)
                    log_replacement(qual_name, child_module, new_module)

        _recursive_replace(self.model, prefix="model")

    def create_attention_instances(self) -> dict[int, Attention]:
        """
        Create `Attention` instances to inform KV cache allocation.
        """
        mla_fusers = {}
        attention_instances = {}
        text_config = self.text_config
        attn_cls = self._get_attn_cls()

        # kv_lora_rank indicates that this is an MLA model
        if getattr(text_config, "kv_lora_rank", None) is not None:
            mla_fusers = {
                extract_layer_index(prefix): (prefix, fuser)
                for prefix, fuser in self.fusers.items()
                if isinstance(fuser, MLAFuser)
            }
            if attn_cls is MLAAttention:
                text_config._attn_implementation = "vllm_mla"
            else:
                # MLA model not using MLAAttention: recompute head_size for full attn
                qk_nope_head_dim = getattr(text_config, "qk_nope_head_dim", 0)
                qk_rope_head_dim = getattr(text_config, "qk_rope_head_dim", 0)
                if qk_head_dim := qk_nope_head_dim + qk_rope_head_dim:
                    self.model_config.model_arch_config.head_size = qk_head_dim

        logits_soft_cap = getattr(text_config, "attn_logit_softcapping", None)

        pp_rank = self.pp_group.rank_in_group
        pp_size = self.pp_group.world_size
        start, end = get_pp_indices(text_config.num_hidden_layers, pp_rank, pp_size)

        for i in range(start, end):
            # `[i]` is the whole-model config unless the checkpoint is
            # heterogeneous, in which case it is this layer's own geometry.
            arch_config = self.model_config.model_arch_config[i]
            num_heads = self.model_config.get_num_attention_heads(
                self.parallel_config, arch_config
            )
            head_size = arch_config.head_size
            # Default to Llama scale, maybe updated in vllm_attention_forward
            scale = head_size**-0.5
            num_kv_heads = self.model_config.get_num_kv_heads(
                self.parallel_config, arch_config
            )

            kwargs = dict(
                num_heads=num_heads,
                scale=scale,
                cache_config=self.cache_config,
                quant_config=self.quant_config,
                prefix=f"{i}.attn",
            )

            if attn_cls is MLAAttention:
                prefix, fuser = mla_fusers[i]
                mla_module = self.get_submodule(prefix)
                dims = get_mla_dims(self.model_config)
                kwargs.update(
                    scale=mla_module.scaling,
                    qk_nope_head_dim=dims.qk_nope_head_dim,
                    qk_rope_head_dim=dims.qk_rope_head_dim,
                    v_head_dim=dims.v_head_dim,
                    q_lora_rank=dims.q_lora_rank,
                    kv_lora_rank=dims.kv_lora_rank,
                    kv_b_proj=mla_module.get_submodule(fuser.kv_b_proj_name),
                )
            else:
                kwargs.update(
                    head_size=head_size,
                    num_kv_heads=num_kv_heads,
                    logits_soft_cap=logits_soft_cap,
                )

                # Handle interleaved sliding window attention
                if (
                    hasattr(text_config, "layer_types")
                    and text_config.layer_types[i] == "sliding_attention"
                ):
                    kwargs["per_layer_sliding_window"] = text_config.sliding_window

            attn_instance = attn_cls(**kwargs)
            if attn_cls is MLAAttention:
                # Attach MLA attn_instance to mla_module so it appears in
                # model.named_modules() and runs its process_weights_after_loading
                mla_module._vllm_mla_attn = attn_instance
            attention_instances[i] = attn_instance
        return attention_instances

    def _get_attn_cls(self) -> type[AttentionLayerBase]:
        """Return the `Attention` class to use for this model's layers."""
        # In encoder models, the attention layers will have `is_causal=False`
        is_encoder = lambda module: not getattr(module, "is_causal", True)
        has_encoder = lambda model: any(is_encoder(m) for m in model.modules())
        is_multimodal = lambda config: config != config.get_text_config()
        # vLLM does not support encoder-decoder models, so if any encoder layer is
        # found in a text only model, we assume the whole model is an encoder model
        if has_encoder(self.model) and not is_multimodal(self.config):
            self.check_version("5.0.0", "encoder models support")
            return EncoderOnlyAttention
        if self.model_config.use_mla:
            self.check_version("5.15.0.dev0", "optimized MLA support")
            if any(isinstance(fuser, MLAFuser) for fuser in self.fusers.values()):
                return MLAAttention
            logger.warning_once(
                "This model uses MLA but `MLAFuser` failed to match and/or fuse any "
                "MLA attention layers. Falling back to full attention with a padded "
                "`value` head dimension."
            )
            os.environ["VLLM_MLA_DISABLE"] = "1"
        return Attention

    def init_parameters(self, module: nn.Module, dtype: torch.dtype | None = None):
        """
        If a `parameter` is on the `meta` device, then its parent
        `module` is the original module created by:

        ```python
        with torch.device("meta"):
            self.model: "PreTrainedModel" = AutoModel.from_config(...)
        ```
        """
        dtype = dtype or self.model_config.dtype
        device = self.device_config.device

        def _init_parameters(module: nn.Module):
            for name, param in module.named_parameters(recurse=False):
                # Already on device, nothing to do
                if param.device != torch.device("meta"):
                    continue
                # Already a vLLM parameter, nothing to do
                if hasattr(param, "weight_loader"):
                    continue
                data = torch.empty_like(param.data, dtype=dtype, device=device)
                setattr(module, name, nn.Parameter(data=data))
            for child in module.children():
                _init_parameters(child)

        _init_parameters(module)

    def keep_in_fp32(self, module: nn.Module):
        """Honor `_keep_in_fp32_modules_strict` as `from_pretrained` would."""
        if self.model_config.dtype not in (torch.float16, torch.bfloat16):
            return
        fragments = getattr(module, "_keep_in_fp32_modules_strict", None)
        if not fragments:
            return
        pattern = re.compile("|".join(re.escape(f) for f in fragments))
        for name, tensor in named_state(module):
            if not hasattr(tensor, "weight_loader") and pattern.search(name):
                tensor.data = tensor.data.to(torch.float32)

    def embed_input_ids(self, input_ids: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self.model.get_input_embeddings()(input_ids)

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.Tensor | None,
        positions: torch.Tensor,
        intermediate_tensors: IntermediateTensors | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | IntermediateTensors:
        if not self.pp_group.is_first_rank:
            assert intermediate_tensors is not None
            input_ids = None
            inputs_embeds = intermediate_tensors["hidden_states"]

        # Add batch dimension before entering Transformers model
        if input_ids is not None and input_ids.ndim == 1:
            # [seq_len] -> [1, seq_len]
            input_ids = input_ids[None, ...]
        if inputs_embeds is not None and inputs_embeds.ndim == 2:
            # [seq_len, hidden_size] -> [1, seq_len, hidden_size]
            inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds[None, ...]
        if positions.ndim == 1:
            # [seq_len] -> [1, seq_len]
            positions = positions[None, ...]

        # Transformers models expect either input_ids or inputs_embeds, but not both
        if input_ids is not None and inputs_embeds is not None:
            input_ids = None

        outputs = self.model(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            use_cache=False,
            position_ids=positions,
            attention_instances=self.attention_instances,
            return_dict=False,
            **self._output_aux_hidden_states_kwargs,
            **kwargs,
        )

        # Remove batch dimension after exiting Transformers model
        hidden_states = outputs[0][0, ...]
        if self._output_aux_hidden_states_kwargs:
            aux_hidden_states = [x[0][0, ...] for x in outputs[1:]]

        if not self.pp_group.is_last_rank:
            return IntermediateTensors({"hidden_states": hidden_states})

        if self._output_aux_hidden_states_kwargs and len(aux_hidden_states) > 0:
            return hidden_states, aux_hidden_states
        return hidden_states

    def load_weights(self, weights: Iterable[tuple[str, torch.Tensor]]) -> set[str]:
        loader = AutoWeightsLoader(
            self,
            ignore_unexpected_prefixes=self.ignore_unexpected_prefixes,
            ignore_unexpected_suffixes=self.ignore_unexpected_suffixes,
        )
        return loader.load_weights(weights, mapper=self.hf_to_vllm_mapper)

    @staticmethod
    def check_version(min_version: str, feature: str):
        installed = Version(transformers.__version__)
        required = Version(min_version)
        if installed < required:
            raise ImportError(
                f"Transformers modeling backend requires transformers>={required} "
                f"for {feature}, but got {installed}"
            )

    def set_aux_hidden_state_layers(self, layers: tuple[int, ...]) -> None:
        self.check_version("5.2.0", "Eagle3 support")
        from transformers.utils.output_capturing import (
            OutputRecorder,
            maybe_install_capturing_hooks,
        )

        # The default value in PreTrainedModel is None
        if self.model._can_record_outputs is None:
            self.model._can_record_outputs = {}

        target_class = self._target_class
        for layer in layers:
            # layer - 1 because we want the input to the layer
            layer_name = self._layer_names[layer - 1]
            layer_key = f"aux_hidden_state_{layer}"
            aux_hidden_state_i = OutputRecorder(target_class, layer_name=layer_name)
            self.model._can_record_outputs[layer_key] = aux_hidden_state_i
            self._output_aux_hidden_states_kwargs[f"output_{layer_key}"] = True

        # Ensure that the capture hooks are installed before dynamo traces the model
        maybe_install_capturing_hooks(self.model)

    def get_eagle3_default_aux_hidden_state_layers(self) -> tuple[int, ...]:
        num_layers = self.text_config.num_hidden_layers
        return (2, num_layers // 2, num_layers - 3)

_from_config_kwargs cached property

The kwargs used to create self.model.

_layer_names = {} instance-attribute

Mapping from layer index to layer name for Eagle3.

_output_aux_hidden_states_kwargs = {} instance-attribute

Kwargs to pass to model forward for Eagle3 aux hidden states.

_pre_trained_model_classes cached property

The decoder class and the encoder class of each modality that has one.

Both come from a single throwaway model, since building one is not cheap.

_target_class = nn.Module instance-attribute

Target class for Eagle3 aux hidden state recording.

fusers = {} instance-attribute

Module qualname -> the fuser applied to it, populated by recursive_replace for create_attention_instances.

ignore_unexpected_prefixes = [] instance-attribute

Ignore unexpected weights whose qualname starts with these prefixes.

ignore_unexpected_suffixes = [] instance-attribute

Ignore unexpected weights whose qualname ends with these suffixes.

packed_modules_mapping = {} instance-attribute

Fused module -> constituent projections, populated by recursive_replace for the quantization machinery and loaders (e.g. bitsandbytes).

_create_hf_to_vllm_mapper()

Create a WeightsMapper to map checkpoint weight names to module qualnames.

This handles:

  • Transformers weight renaming from WeightRenaming
  • Checkpoints saved with a base model prefix that is not model
  • Checkpoints saved with no base model prefix
  • Any quantization config specific mappings
Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _create_hf_to_vllm_mapper(self):
    """
    Create a WeightsMapper to map checkpoint weight names to module qualnames.

    This handles:

    - Transformers weight renaming from `WeightRenaming`
    - Checkpoints saved with a base model prefix that is not `model`
    - Checkpoints saved with no base model prefix
    - Any quantization config specific mappings
    """
    self.hf_to_vllm_mapper = WeightsMapper()
    orig_to_new_renaming = self.hf_to_vllm_mapper.orig_to_new_renaming
    orig_to_new_regex = self.hf_to_vllm_mapper.orig_to_new_regex

    for mapping in get_model_conversion_mapping(self.model):
        # Handle weights which have been renamed in Transformers
        if isinstance(mapping, WeightRenaming):
            orig_to_new_renaming.append(mapping)
        # TODO: Handle WeightConverter to enable layer merging

    # Handle unexpected weights which should be ignored
    if self.model._keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected is not None:
        for key in self.model._keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected:
            orig_to_new_regex[re.compile(key)] = None

    # Standardise base model prefix
    bmp = self.model.base_model_prefix
    expected_bmp = r"model.\1"
    # Handle checkpoints saved with different base model prefix
    if bmp and bmp != "model":
        different_bmp_pattern = re.compile(rf"^{bmp}\.(.+)")
        orig_to_new_regex[different_bmp_pattern] = expected_bmp
    # Handle direct children of self.model which were saved without the model prefix
    direct_children = chain(
        self.model.named_children(),
        self.model.named_parameters(recurse=False),
        self.model.named_buffers(recurse=False),
    )
    model_children = "|".join(name for name, _ in direct_children)
    missing_bmp_pattern = re.compile(rf"^(?!model\.)(({model_children}).*)")
    orig_to_new_regex[missing_bmp_pattern] = expected_bmp
    # Handle weights saved as direct children of self.model which no longer are
    unexpected_bmp_pattern = re.compile(rf"^(model\.)((?!{model_children}).+)")
    orig_to_new_regex[unexpected_bmp_pattern] = r"\2"
    # Handle lm_head which was saved inside the base model
    nested_lm_head_pattern = re.compile(r"^model\.(.+\.)*(lm_head.+)")
    orig_to_new_regex[nested_lm_head_pattern] = r"\2"

    # Apply mapping to quantization config if needed
    self._maybe_apply_model_mapping()

_decorate_cls_for_torch_compile(cls, dynamic_arg_dims, enable_if, is_encoder)

Decorate cls to indicate to vLLM that it supports torch compile.

Parameters:

  • cls

    (type[PreTrainedModel]) –

    The PreTrainedModel class to decorate.

  • dynamic_arg_dims

    (dict[str, int] | None) –

    A mapping from argument name to the dynamic dimensions of the argument. If None, default dynamic arg dims will be used. See support_torch_compile for more details.

  • enable_if

    (Callable[[VllmConfig], bool]) –

    A function which takes in the vLLM config and returns whether torch compile should be enabled for this class.

  • is_encoder

    (bool) –

    Whether the class being decorated is an encoder.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _decorate_cls_for_torch_compile(
    self,
    cls: type["PreTrainedModel"],
    dynamic_arg_dims: dict[str, int] | None,
    enable_if: Callable[["VllmConfig"], bool],
    is_encoder: bool,
):
    """
    Decorate `cls` to indicate to vLLM that it supports torch compile.

    Args:
        cls: The PreTrainedModel class to decorate.
        dynamic_arg_dims: A mapping from argument name to the dynamic dimensions
            of the argument. If None, default dynamic arg dims will be used. See
            [`support_torch_compile`][vllm.compilation.decorators.support_torch_compile]
            for more details.
        enable_if: A function which takes in the vLLM config and returns whether
            torch compile should be enabled for this class.
        is_encoder: Whether the class being decorated is an encoder.
    """
    logger.debug(
        "Decorating `%s` as %s for torch compile with dynamic_arg_dims of %s",
        cls.__name__,
        "encoder" if is_encoder else "decoder",
        dynamic_arg_dims,
    )

    support_torch_compile(
        dynamic_arg_dims=dynamic_arg_dims,
        enable_if=enable_if,
        is_encoder=is_encoder,
    )(cls)

_decorate_for_torch_compile()

Decorate the model's decoder class to indicate to vLLM that it supports torch compile if can_enable_torch_compile is True.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _decorate_for_torch_compile(self):
    """Decorate the model's decoder class to indicate to vLLM that it
    supports torch compile if `can_enable_torch_compile` is True."""
    self._decorate_cls_for_torch_compile(
        cls=self._pre_trained_model_classes.decoder,
        # Applied to a PreTrainedModel so the batch dimension will exist
        dynamic_arg_dims=dict[str, int](
            input_ids=1,  # shape: [1, seq_len]
            inputs_embeds=1,  # shape: [1, seq_len, hidden_size]
            position_ids=-1,  # shape: [1, seq_len] or [3, 1, seq_len] for mrope
        ),
        enable_if=can_enable_torch_compile,
        is_encoder=False,
    )

_find_encoder_classes(model)

Find the encoder class of each modality model has one for.

Text models have none. Multi-modal ones override this.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _find_encoder_classes(
    self, model: "PreTrainedModel"
) -> dict[str, type["PreTrainedModel"]]:
    """Find the encoder class of each modality `model` has one for.

    Text models have none. Multi-modal ones override this.
    """
    return {}

_get_attn_cls()

Return the Attention class to use for this model's layers.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _get_attn_cls(self) -> type[AttentionLayerBase]:
    """Return the `Attention` class to use for this model's layers."""
    # In encoder models, the attention layers will have `is_causal=False`
    is_encoder = lambda module: not getattr(module, "is_causal", True)
    has_encoder = lambda model: any(is_encoder(m) for m in model.modules())
    is_multimodal = lambda config: config != config.get_text_config()
    # vLLM does not support encoder-decoder models, so if any encoder layer is
    # found in a text only model, we assume the whole model is an encoder model
    if has_encoder(self.model) and not is_multimodal(self.config):
        self.check_version("5.0.0", "encoder models support")
        return EncoderOnlyAttention
    if self.model_config.use_mla:
        self.check_version("5.15.0.dev0", "optimized MLA support")
        if any(isinstance(fuser, MLAFuser) for fuser in self.fusers.values()):
            return MLAAttention
        logger.warning_once(
            "This model uses MLA but `MLAFuser` failed to match and/or fuse any "
            "MLA attention layers. Falling back to full attention with a padded "
            "`value` head dimension."
        )
        os.environ["VLLM_MLA_DISABLE"] = "1"
    return Attention

_get_tie_word_embeddings()

Check if the model has tied word embeddings.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _get_tie_word_embeddings(self):
    """
    Check if the model has tied word embeddings.
    """
    # Models created with Transformers v4 and v5 will store this in different places
    tie_word_embeddings_v4 = getattr(self.text_config, "tie_word_embeddings", False)
    tie_word_embeddings_v5 = getattr(self.config, "tie_word_embeddings", False)
    return tie_word_embeddings_v4 or tie_word_embeddings_v5

_mark_model_components(vllm_config)

Mark language model and tower submodules as self.model is created.

Nothing to do in Base, MultiModalMixin will override.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
@contextmanager
def _mark_model_components(self, vllm_config: "VllmConfig"):
    """Mark language model and tower submodules as `self.model` is created.

    Nothing to do in `Base`, `MultiModalMixin` will override."""
    yield

_patch_config()

Patch the config to ensure that the model is created correctly:

  • Sets the attention implementation to "vllm" so the attention instances from create_attention_instances are used
  • Sets the dtype to the default torch dtype set by vLLM because Transformers uses the config dtype when creating the model
Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def _patch_config(self):
    """
    Patch the config to ensure that the model is created correctly:

    - Sets the attention implementation to "vllm" so the attention instances from
    `create_attention_instances` are used
    - Sets the dtype to the default torch dtype set by vLLM because Transformers
    uses the config dtype when creating the model
    """
    self.text_config._attn_implementation = "vllm"
    self.config.dtype = torch.get_default_dtype()

create_attention_instances()

Create Attention instances to inform KV cache allocation.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def create_attention_instances(self) -> dict[int, Attention]:
    """
    Create `Attention` instances to inform KV cache allocation.
    """
    mla_fusers = {}
    attention_instances = {}
    text_config = self.text_config
    attn_cls = self._get_attn_cls()

    # kv_lora_rank indicates that this is an MLA model
    if getattr(text_config, "kv_lora_rank", None) is not None:
        mla_fusers = {
            extract_layer_index(prefix): (prefix, fuser)
            for prefix, fuser in self.fusers.items()
            if isinstance(fuser, MLAFuser)
        }
        if attn_cls is MLAAttention:
            text_config._attn_implementation = "vllm_mla"
        else:
            # MLA model not using MLAAttention: recompute head_size for full attn
            qk_nope_head_dim = getattr(text_config, "qk_nope_head_dim", 0)
            qk_rope_head_dim = getattr(text_config, "qk_rope_head_dim", 0)
            if qk_head_dim := qk_nope_head_dim + qk_rope_head_dim:
                self.model_config.model_arch_config.head_size = qk_head_dim

    logits_soft_cap = getattr(text_config, "attn_logit_softcapping", None)

    pp_rank = self.pp_group.rank_in_group
    pp_size = self.pp_group.world_size
    start, end = get_pp_indices(text_config.num_hidden_layers, pp_rank, pp_size)

    for i in range(start, end):
        # `[i]` is the whole-model config unless the checkpoint is
        # heterogeneous, in which case it is this layer's own geometry.
        arch_config = self.model_config.model_arch_config[i]
        num_heads = self.model_config.get_num_attention_heads(
            self.parallel_config, arch_config
        )
        head_size = arch_config.head_size
        # Default to Llama scale, maybe updated in vllm_attention_forward
        scale = head_size**-0.5
        num_kv_heads = self.model_config.get_num_kv_heads(
            self.parallel_config, arch_config
        )

        kwargs = dict(
            num_heads=num_heads,
            scale=scale,
            cache_config=self.cache_config,
            quant_config=self.quant_config,
            prefix=f"{i}.attn",
        )

        if attn_cls is MLAAttention:
            prefix, fuser = mla_fusers[i]
            mla_module = self.get_submodule(prefix)
            dims = get_mla_dims(self.model_config)
            kwargs.update(
                scale=mla_module.scaling,
                qk_nope_head_dim=dims.qk_nope_head_dim,
                qk_rope_head_dim=dims.qk_rope_head_dim,
                v_head_dim=dims.v_head_dim,
                q_lora_rank=dims.q_lora_rank,
                kv_lora_rank=dims.kv_lora_rank,
                kv_b_proj=mla_module.get_submodule(fuser.kv_b_proj_name),
            )
        else:
            kwargs.update(
                head_size=head_size,
                num_kv_heads=num_kv_heads,
                logits_soft_cap=logits_soft_cap,
            )

            # Handle interleaved sliding window attention
            if (
                hasattr(text_config, "layer_types")
                and text_config.layer_types[i] == "sliding_attention"
            ):
                kwargs["per_layer_sliding_window"] = text_config.sliding_window

        attn_instance = attn_cls(**kwargs)
        if attn_cls is MLAAttention:
            # Attach MLA attn_instance to mla_module so it appears in
            # model.named_modules() and runs its process_weights_after_loading
            mla_module._vllm_mla_attn = attn_instance
        attention_instances[i] = attn_instance
    return attention_instances

init_parameters(module, dtype=None)

If a parameter is on the meta device, then its parent module is the original module created by:

with torch.device("meta"):
    self.model: "PreTrainedModel" = AutoModel.from_config(...)
Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def init_parameters(self, module: nn.Module, dtype: torch.dtype | None = None):
    """
    If a `parameter` is on the `meta` device, then its parent
    `module` is the original module created by:

    ```python
    with torch.device("meta"):
        self.model: "PreTrainedModel" = AutoModel.from_config(...)
    ```
    """
    dtype = dtype or self.model_config.dtype
    device = self.device_config.device

    def _init_parameters(module: nn.Module):
        for name, param in module.named_parameters(recurse=False):
            # Already on device, nothing to do
            if param.device != torch.device("meta"):
                continue
            # Already a vLLM parameter, nothing to do
            if hasattr(param, "weight_loader"):
                continue
            data = torch.empty_like(param.data, dtype=dtype, device=device)
            setattr(module, name, nn.Parameter(data=data))
        for child in module.children():
            _init_parameters(child)

    _init_parameters(module)

keep_in_fp32(module)

Honor _keep_in_fp32_modules_strict as from_pretrained would.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def keep_in_fp32(self, module: nn.Module):
    """Honor `_keep_in_fp32_modules_strict` as `from_pretrained` would."""
    if self.model_config.dtype not in (torch.float16, torch.bfloat16):
        return
    fragments = getattr(module, "_keep_in_fp32_modules_strict", None)
    if not fragments:
        return
    pattern = re.compile("|".join(re.escape(f) for f in fragments))
    for name, tensor in named_state(module):
        if not hasattr(tensor, "weight_loader") and pattern.search(name):
            tensor.data = tensor.data.to(torch.float32)

pipeline_parallel()

Apply the model's pipeline parallelization plan.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def pipeline_parallel(self):
    """
    Apply the model's pipeline parallelization plan.
    """
    if self.pp_group.world_size <= 1:
        return

    if self.model.supports_pp_plan:
        module = self.model
        names = list(module._pp_plan.keys())
    else:
        module = self.model.get_decoder()
        has_parameters = lambda m: next(m.parameters(), None) is not None
        names = [n for n, c in module.named_children() if has_parameters(c)]
        tip = get_feature_request_tip(
            self.model_config.model, self.model_config.trust_remote_code
        )
        logger.warning_once(
            "%s does not define a pipeline parallel plan. The Transformers "
            "modeling backend will infer the split from the layers of %s in order "
            "of declaration and keep parameter-free modules on every rank. This "
            "may fail if the model's structure is non-standard. %s",
            type(self.model),
            type(module),
            tip,
        )

    module_lists = []
    module_list_idx = None
    for i, name in enumerate(names):
        # attrgetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.layers")
        if isinstance(attrgetter(name)(module), nn.ModuleList):
            module_lists.append(name)
            module_list_idx = i

    if len(module_lists) > 1:
        raise ValueError(
            "Pipeline parallel of models with multiple `ModuleList`s "
            "in the base model are not supported yet!"
        )
    if module_list_idx is None:
        raise ValueError(f"Could not find `ModuleList` in {type(module)}")

    # Layers before module list
    for name in names[:module_list_idx]:
        if self.pp_group.is_first_rank or (
            self._get_tie_word_embeddings() and self.pp_group.is_last_rank
        ):
            continue
        # attrsetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.embed_tokens")
        attrsetter(name)(module, PPMissingLayer())

    # Module list
    start_layer, end_layer = get_pp_indices(
        self.text_config.num_hidden_layers,
        self.pp_group.rank_in_group,
        self.pp_group.world_size,
    )
    layers_name = names[module_list_idx]
    # attrgetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.layers")
    layers = attrgetter(layers_name)(module)
    for i in range(len(layers)):
        if start_layer <= i and i < end_layer:
            continue
        layers[i] = PPMissingLayer()

    # Layers after module list
    for name in names[module_list_idx + 1 :]:
        # Modules that should be on last rank
        if not self.pp_group.is_last_rank:
            # attrsetter in case the module is nested (e.g. "text_model.norm")
            attrsetter(name)(module, PPMissingLayer())

recursive_replace()

Recursively replace modules in the model as needed.

Currently, this replaces:

  • GLUs with a fused MergedColumnParallelLinear + ...AndMul
  • Attention QKV projections with a fused QKVParallelLinear + split
  • nn.Linear with vLLM's tensor parallel linear classes
  • nn.Conv2d / nn.Conv3d with vLLM's Conv2d / Conv3d
  • RMSNorm (detected from their dataflow) with vLLM's RMSNormor GemmaRMSNorm
Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
def recursive_replace(self):
    """Recursively replace modules in the model as needed.

    Currently, this replaces:

    - GLUs with a fused `MergedColumnParallelLinear` + `...AndMul`
    - Attention QKV projections with a fused `QKVParallelLinear` + split
    - `nn.Linear` with vLLM's tensor parallel linear classes
    - `nn.Conv2d` / `nn.Conv3d` with vLLM's `Conv2d` / `Conv3d`
    - RMSNorm (detected from their dataflow) with vLLM's `RMSNorm`or `GemmaRMSNorm`
    """
    tp_plan = self.model.tp_plan or {}

    if not tp_plan and self.tp_group.world_size > 1:
        tip = get_feature_request_tip(
            self.model_config.model, self.model_config.trust_remote_code
        )
        logger.warning_once(
            "%s does not define a tensor parallel plan. The Transformers modeling "
            "backend will shard the model the best it can during graph fusion and "
            "replicate the rest. This may be suboptimal or fail if the model does "
            "not fuse cleanly. %s",
            type(self.model),
            tip,
        )

    # Prefix the patterns because we always start from `self.model`
    tp_plan = {maybe_prefix("model", k): v for k, v in tp_plan.items()}
    # Detect fusable patterns once per module class (cached, so this is cheap)
    fusers = Fusers(self.model, self.vllm_config)

    def register_fusion(fuser: BaseFuser, prefix: str):
        """Register a fused layer's mappings just before it is built."""
        self.fusers[prefix] = fuser

        orig_to_new_stacked = fuser.orig_to_new_stacked(prefix)
        self.hf_to_vllm_mapper.orig_to_new_stacked.update(orig_to_new_stacked)

        packed_modules_mapping = fuser.packed_modules_mapping
        self.packed_modules_mapping.update(packed_modules_mapping)
        if self.quant_config is not None:
            self.quant_config.packed_modules_mapping.update(packed_modules_mapping)

    def _recursive_replace(module: nn.Module, prefix: str):
        for child_name, child_module in module.named_children():
            new_module = child_module
            qual_name = maybe_prefix(prefix, child_name)
            if (
                isinstance(module, nn.ModuleList)
                and len(module) == self.text_config.num_hidden_layers
            ):
                # Populate Eagle3 attrs
                self._target_class = type(child_module)
                layer_name = qual_name.removeprefix("model.")
                self._layer_names[int(child_name)] = layer_name
                # MTP weights should not be loaded into the base model
                num_hidden_layers = self.text_config.num_hidden_layers
                names = (
                    "n_predict",  # Override from SpeculativeConfig
                    "num_nextn_predict_layers",  # Most models
                    "mtp_num_hidden_layers",  # Qwen 3.5
                )
                n_predict = getattr_iter(self.text_config, names, 0)
                for i in range(num_hidden_layers, num_hidden_layers + n_predict):
                    mtp_prefix = f"{prefix}.{i}."
                    if mtp_prefix not in self.ignore_unexpected_prefixes:
                        self.ignore_unexpected_prefixes.append(mtp_prefix)
            # Replace modules as needed
            if isinstance(child_module, nn.Linear):
                generator = (p for p in tp_plan if re.match(p, qual_name))
                pattern = next(generator, None)
                # Some weight loaders expect all linear layers to inherit
                # LinearBase, so we set a default style which causes any
                # unspecified layers to be replaced with ReplicatedLinear
                style = tp_plan.get(pattern, "replicate")
                new_module = replace_linear_class(
                    child_module, style, self.quant_config, prefix=qual_name
                )
            elif isinstance(child_module, (nn.Conv2d, nn.Conv3d)):
                new_module = replace_conv_class(child_module)
            elif (fuser := fusers[child_module]) is not None:
                register_fusion(fuser, qual_name)
                new_module = fuser.fuse(child_module, qual_name, self.vllm_config)
                logger.info_once(fuser.info(child_name))
                _recursive_replace(new_module, prefix=qual_name)
            elif not isinstance(child_module, MoERunner):
                # MoERunner can contain aliases of shared experts and gates,
                # so we don't want to recurse into it and break weight loading.
                _recursive_replace(child_module, prefix=qual_name)

            if new_module is not child_module:
                setattr(module, child_name, new_module)
                log_replacement(qual_name, child_module, new_module)

    _recursive_replace(self.model, prefix="model")

PreTrainedModelClasses

Bases: NamedTuple

Attributes:

  • encoders (dict[str, type[PreTrainedModel]]) –

    Modality -> encoder class, for each modality that has one.

Source code in vllm/model_executor/models/transformers/base.py
class PreTrainedModelClasses(NamedTuple):
    decoder: type["PreTrainedModel"]
    encoders: dict[str, type["PreTrainedModel"]]
    """Modality -> encoder class, for each modality that has one."""

encoders instance-attribute

Modality -> encoder class, for each modality that has one.